Let’s first make a distinction between gingivitis and periodontal disease. The two terms are often used interchangeably, but are not quite the same. Gingivitis is considered the initial stage of gum disease that occurs when bacteria in plaque build-up causes the gums to become red or swollen. This causes the light bleeding you might experience with brushing.  Gingivitis, left untreated, can progress to periodontal disease, otherwise known as periodontitis or gum disease. Periodontitis occurs when the inflamed gum pulls away from the teeth, forming pockets that can trap more bacteria, food, and other particles causing more damage.

As if all that dental drama wasn’t enough, studies have shown that gum disease has a much broader stroke when it comes to your overall health.  Gum disease can affect everything from your heart health to your ability to conceive. Let’s take a look.

Heart Disease

According the American Academy of Periodontology, people with gum disease are almost twice as likely to suffer from coronary artery disease. Twice as likely! While the studies to explain the connection continue, there are a few theories with traction. One primary theory is that bacteria that build up with gum disease enter the blood stream through infected gums. These bacteria then attach to fatty plaque in the coronary artery and contribute to blocked arteries. Gum disease can also contribute to issues with other heart conditions so that some patients must have their cardiologist consult with their dentist before any dental work is done.

Stroke

Research presented at the 89^th Association for Dental Research General Session in San Diego in 2011 suggests that gum disease poses a larger threat of contributing to stroke than diabetes. This information is significant in that diabetes has long been considered a major contributor to the incidence of stroke. The finding also showed that gum disease nearly doubles the risk of non-fatal stroke, similar to the risk from heart disease and high blood pressure.

Diabetes

The connection between diabetes and gum disease has an unfortunate double-edged effect. Those with diabetes are more susceptible to gum disease because their bodies are more open to infection. On the other hand, diabetics with gum disease find it much more difficult to control their blood sugar.  Progressive periodontitis can increase blood sugar, which can contribute to diabetic complications. So, diabetes can contribute to the development of gum disease, which can in turn, make diabetes complications go from bad to worse.

Conception and Birth

Gum disease affects your quality of life and can also affect your ability to create and sustain it. Research has shown that gum disease can delay a woman’s ability to conceive by an average of 2 months. It also contributes to a lower sperm count in men.

In addition to affecting conception, gum disease is linked to low birth rate and premature delivery. In fact, some research has shown that expectant mothers with periodontitis are seven times more likely to deliver early.

I’m too old, now.

It’s too late to fix them now.

Are you using these excuses to convince yourself that you don’t deserve a beautiful smile? It’s understandable. When the average person thinks of braces, they think of the pimply-faced teenager with a full metal-mouth, who wants straight teeth before they hit adulthood. While much of the orthodontic information available today is created for parents searching for assistance with their child’s needs, the reality is that half of all orthodontic patients today are adults.

Here are a few myths we’ll debunk and help you to take that plunge into the adult orthodontic pool.

Braces are just for kids

We’ve already talked about this one, but let’s reiterate. Braces are NOT just for kids and aligning your teeth and jaw bones can be beneficial to your mouth, digestion, and overall health. Depending on other dental issues you may have, the time needed to correct your smile is not much more than a child. Orthodontic treatment can work for all ages.

Braces are just so ugly

Orthodontic treatments have come a long way in the last 10-15 years. The days of big, bulky metal braces and bands are long gone. While metal braces are still an option, they are now a lot smaller and can, in some cases, be placed inside the teeth so they’re not noticeable. There are also clear “braces” or aligners that fit over the teeth and slowly move the teeth into place without being noticed at all.

Only complex dental issues need orthodontic care

Orthodontic treatments can run the gamut from simply whitening your teeth a few shades, to correcting the alignment of crowded teeth. Your treatment might take a few office visits or up to 10 visits over a 12-month period. Your orthodontists can make a professional assessment to determine what is needed to give you a great smile.

The tighter the braces, the faster I can get them off

This is simply not the case. While some force and pressure is needed to slowly move the teeth and jaws into place, too much force can do more damage than good. It can damage bones and gum tissue, and can actually cause the teeth to move in an awkward or wrong direction. This can result in the need to wear the braces even longer than originally anticipated.

If my top teeth aren’t straight, I only need braces on top

It may sound logical, but it just doesn’t work that way. When teeth are misaligned on the top or bottom, the misalignment typically affects the entire mouth. Correcting the alignment of the top or bottom will affect the other half, so both halves must be taken into account. It is best to treat the entire mouth so the end result meets the expectation of the patient and orthodontist.

Does the extraction of wisdom teeth have to be painful? If there’s no pain to begin with, is removing them really necessary? Why are they called ‘wisdom’ teeth to begin with? Let’s dig deeper and get a little insight!

Why are they called ‘wisdom’ teeth?

Most people are under the false impression that we have two sets of teeth in our lifetime. The reality is wisdom teeth are a very real third ‘set’. This set of molars typically makes its debut in the late teens or early twenties, hence the name ‘wisdom’ since they form and erupt later in life. These teeth were once considered as useful as any other tooth, especially when chewing and gnashing the food of yester-year. Long story short, food used to be rough, harsh, and difficult to almost impossible to chew. Wisdom teeth were needed when other teeth had been worn down or worn out. Now that we’ve got knives, forks, refrigerators, etc., evolution has deemed these extra teeth, well, useless.

Is it always necessary to remove them?

The short answer is no. Some people go through life experiencing no problems with their wisdom teeth. The eruption of these teeth above the gum line is so smooth, they’re barely even noticed. For some, however, the pain and discomfort brought on by this process is undeniable. If pain begins in that area, it’s time for a trip to the dentist.  Discomfort may not automatically mean extraction, but it is definitely a signal to have them examined.

For many, wisdom teeth erupt aligned and healthy. They take their place in the gum line as perfect as can be and cause no problems. For others, the teeth can erupt misaligned, or at an angle. They may not erupt at all and align themselves horizontally and underneath the gum line, or impacted. This can cause pain and stress on the gums, other teeth, nerves, and jawline. It can lead to infections, cysts, swelling, and even tooth decay.

Even before your wisdom teeth emerge, your dentist will more than likely examine them using an x-ray to see how they’re doing. An examination can give your dentist an idea of trouble before you feel any pain. If it is necessary to remove them, it’s best to get them removed younger in life and before the pain begins. Younger patients have a smaller instance of complications, making the oral surgery easier for everyone. As always, consult your dentist or orthodontists, as they are your best source of information.

Is the pain just a sensitive tooth or something more?

There is usually the assumption that tooth sensitivity is the result of cavities, but that’s not necessarily the case. There can be many underlying causes of sensitive teeth.

Dentin, a layer of the tooth way beneath the enamel, contains tubes or holes that lead to the nerves and cells inside the tooth. When the protective enamel has been compromised, it’s easy for hot, cold, or sugary substances to get inside the tooth and cause sensitivity and pain. So, here are a few ideas to keep that from happening.

Use a soft-bristled toothbrush

It’s been mentioned before, but it deserves a review. Brushing with a medium or hard toothbrush is not necessary and can actually be detrimental to the health of your teeth. A toothbrush with hard bristles can wear down the enamel and cause the dentin to be exposed, causing pain.

Stave off gum disease

Gingivitis or periodontal disease occurs when plaque build-up in the mouth cause bacteria to grow which can result in gum and/or bone damage. This damage takes place over a period of time and can allow the same bacteria or food to come in contact with teeth roots and nerves, causing pain.

Watch your diet

The largest group of people that suffer from sensitive teeth is in the age range of 25-35. Why, you ask? People in this age group tend to eat more junk food, making themselves more vulnerable to sensitivity – it’s just that simple.

And watch your diet, again

Foods with high acid content can, over time, erode tooth enamel. Tomatoes, lemons, oranges, etc. all have high levels and acid and can contribute to tooth sensitivity.

Teeth whitening

Those undergoing whitening or bleaching procedures can have temporary sensitivity to temperature, pressure, or touch. It is typically due to some ingredients in the bleaching product and can last 24 – 48 hours.

Tooth sensitivity can be temporary or permanent, depending on the cause. You should always consult your dentist to determine the reason for your sensitivity and make recommendations for treatment.

1)  X-rays give off less radiation than standing out in the sun.  Over the years, there have been questions and concerns about the possible negative effects of radiation emitted from dental x-rays. The truth is you’re exposed to more radiation from the sun than you are the few times you visit the dentist all year.

2)  Yes, sometimes your breath, well… stinks.  If you visit the dentist on the day you forgot to brush or swing by right after eating that pasta bowl loaded with garlic at lunch, we smell it. We probably won’t mention the odor, unless it’s associated with an oral ailment that needs to be remedied.

3)  Putting your child to bed with a bottle really will ruin their teeth.  Let’s be honest – we’ve been told or heard this a million times. Yet, parents still do it! We understand that it’s what your parents or grandparents did, but research and dental experience has shown that it can have negative effects on your baby’s teeth and gums. Don’t do it!

4)  Know what your insurance covers before your appointment.  Shouldn’t you know if your insurance covers that procedure before you have it done? While we do make calls to verify insurance, we are not the decision makers concerning your coverage. Each insurance company or plan is different and may not cover everything.

5)  Don’t believe everything you see on a cosmetic dentistry commercial.  Television is something else, huh? It can make you believe dentist can do things in your mouth that are unrealistic. While dentists and orthodontists can do some pretty amazing things, we can’t give you the smile of your favorite celebrity since their facial structure is different. We can give you your best looking smile. Please ask questions in your dental consultation so that you have realistic expectations.

How much coverage do I need?

You can begin answering this question by taking an honest look at your current dental situation. Do you visit your dentist every 6 months for your regular examination and cleaning or do you only make time for the dentist when something hurts? A simple question, but it may help you decide the amount of coverage you need. If you regularly visit the dentist, you probably take good care of your teeth and may only need to concentrate your insurance purchase on preventative care. This is not to say you shouldn’t get any major procedure protection, but preventative care may be your priority. On the other hand, if you typically avoid the dentist at all cost, a plan that includes preventative and major procedure care might be best. Also, consider other procedures that you desire, like braces, or that are necessary, like dentures.

What annual services are covered?

While coverage may vary from plan to plan, a good dental plan should typically cover 2 office visits and cleanings, x-rays and a fluoride treatment at no cost. Cost of additional coverage will depend on the insurance company and plan. For example, some plans will cover 80 – 100% of preventative care, i.e. exams and cleanings. That same plan, however, may cover only 20-40% of more extensive procedures, such as tooth extractions or root canals. What are the rules on emergency care? You should be clear on what is considered an emergency and how these situations are handled with your chosen company. Be sure to read the fine print and call the insurance company if you have questions before you sign on the dotted line.

In or out of network?

For many, there is something restricting about an insurance company telling you what doctor you MUST see. This applies to dentist, too. Cost plays a role in the options you have. Many less expensive options restrict your options to those the insurance company has already chosen, i.e. in network. If you don’t mind limitations, this may just be a plan for you. But, keep in mind that you may not like the location, office staff or the actual dentist. Then what?  On the other hand, many insurance plans that allow you to choose your own service provider, i.e. out of network dentist, have higher premiums to pay or the amount the insurance company will cover for a service is significantly less.

Here are a few home remedies to print and keep handy. You never know when you’ll need to review it!

Chew on a garlic clove

Mmm-mm. Sounds deee-lish, right? Okay, maybe not. There are lots of people who swear by garlic’s ability to ease the pain of a toothache. Cut open a garlic clove and place it on the affected tooth, or simply chew a garlic clove in the morning for good measure. Friends and family will abandon you, but you’ll be pain-free!

Clove Oil

Yes, that same spice in your kitchen rack may be able to help. Clove oil, derived from the spice, can be found in specialty or health food stores. Just a small amount on a cotton ball and placed on the affected tooth can have same effect as Orajel or Anbesol. This oil has been used for centuries in ancient Indian and Chinese cultures to ease tooth pain. Be careful – clove oil is potent and can have negative side effects, like mouth burns with large quantities.

Vanilla Extract

Pure vanilla extract contains 35% alcohol. It also contains eugenol, an oil with antiseptic and analgesic properties which aids in relieving pain. Pour 3-4 drops of vanilla on a cotton ball and place it on the tooth and gum area with the problem. Be sure to use PURE extract, as imitation vanilla will not work.

Hydrogen Peroxide Rinse

We’ve all heard about hydrogen peroxide being an effective solution for whitening teeth, but it can also aid with toothaches. Rinse your mouth with hydrogen peroxide and spit it out. DO NOT swallow it.

When the pain is too much to bear and the dentist is more than a few hours away, these remedies could help you make it until that emergency appointment. While they may temporarily relieve the pain, they are not a substitute for your dentist.

Bad breath can be as much embarrassing as it is frustrating. If you’re struggling with this issue, there are some simple ways to keep the breath beast under wraps. Typically, there is one culprit to be eliminated: BACTERIA. You’ll see that word often as you read along.

1. Use the old adage -brush after every meal, even lunch. Keep that extra toothbrush at the office to brush after lunch and minimize the lingering effects of that onion and garlic you devoured with your meal. It can also help to cut down on bacteria growth that can cause unwanted odors.

2. Brush with baking soda. Have you ever heard your grandparents talk about how they used to brush with baking soda? Well, there’s actually some merit to that. Baking soda works to change the pH level in your mouth making it less desirable for bacteria to grow. You can either brush with a little baking soda after using your toothpaste (you still need your fluoride), or simply purchase toothpaste made with baking soda.

3. Brush your tongue. We spend a lot of time brushing and flossing our teeth to remove food particles, which can lead to odor. Why not take an additional 5 seconds to brush your tongue? Our tongues are covered with tiny, hair-like projections. Under these projections are lots of tiny crevices ideal for harboring plaque and bacteria growth. Brushing your tongue can stymie this growth.

4. Eat your greens. That little sprig of parsley that comes on your lunch or dinner plate as garnish is more than decoration. Parsley contains chlorophyll, a known breath deodorizer. So, don’t leave it – eat it! Not to mention it’s packed with beta-carotene, which is ultra good for you. Hey, it’s a two for one special!

5. Cozy up to yogurt! Simply put, yogurt encourages the growth of “good” bacteria in your mouth and your belly. Mmmm…taste good AND makes your breath smell good? You can’t beat it!

6. Gargle with hydrogen peroxide. The same anti-bacterial wash used on that scratch or cut can be used in your mouth to kill bacteria-causing bad breath. Just brush, gargle with hydrogen peroxide, and rinse. It’s just that simple.

7. Drink plenty of water. Dry mouth, which can be caused by any number of culprits, alcohol consumption to health issues, can lead to bad breath. Drinking water can help produce saliva, which works as a natural rinsing agent to wash away food particles and bacteria.

If you’ve tried these suggestions, but the breath beast seems to linger, it may be time to make an appointment with your dentist. There may be underlying issues with your teeth, gums or general health that need to be addressed to remedy the situation.

What does your family need?
•    General Dentist
•    Periodontist
•    Pediatric Dentist
•    Orthodontist
And the list goes on and on. The needs of your family may differ with each new life phase. Determine the needs of each individual and decide whether they can be met by a general dentist or if a specialist should be considered. Take a look at each specialty to determine what’s right for your family.

Is the office convenient for you?
Where is the dentist’s office located in reference to your job or home? Does the route and drive time make sense when considering the location you’re traveling from? Considering the various traffic and resurfacing projects in Edmond, are you able to make it back to work in a timely manner? Can you pick up your teenager and easily make it to the orthodontist? We all want a great provider, but if we can’t make it to the appointments on time, what’s the point?

Is the staff easy to work with?
If the dentist is not available to answer questions, will another knowledgeable person speak with you or return your call? Does the staff take the time to explain procedures and at-home care? Does the person on the phone or at the desk have a friendly disposition during your interaction? Great service is always appreciated, as it’s key to building a great relationship with your dental provider.

Can your family and friends make a great recommendation?
Call a friend or family member you trust and ask for a recommendation. You should still check the dentist and office staff out for yourself, but a suggestion from a trusted source can put you on the right track.

Choose the right toothbrush
Soft bristles are best to maintain healthy teeth and gums. Medium to hard bristle brushes can do more harm than good by damaging your gums and protective tooth enamel. You should also choose a brush with a head small enough to reach and clean your back teeth. A best bet? Choose a toothbrush with the American Dental Association (ADA) Seal of Approval.

Make good food choices
Mom was right. All that junk food will ruin your teeth. Sugar-laden goodies such as candy, soda, and pies – even bananas, raisins, and dried fruit are a cavity’s dream. These foods provide the needed fuel to let cavity-causing bacteria run rampant and create acids that eat away your enamel. Cheeses, chicken or other meats, nuts, and milk are better choices as they add calcium and phosphorus to your diet to aid in maintaining healthy teeth.

Floss, floss, floss
Your dentist talked about this on your last visit. You were even given floss as a parting gift. Have you used it? Come on – tell the truth.  Flossing works to remove sticky bacteria and plaque from between your teeth, which in turn eat away enamel. We’ve heard all of this before so, just apply this rule of thumb – only floss the teeth you want to keep.

Stop smoking
Smoking wreaks havoc on your lungs, heart, and overall health. It also leaves a lot to be desired concerning your teeth.  Smoking can increase your chances of gum disease by jeopardizing the attachment of bone and soft tissue to your teeth.  Kicking the habit can significantly lower your risk of gum disease, not to mention cancers of the mouth, lip, tongue, and throat.

Need more tips on at-home dental care? In the Edmond, Oklahoma area, contact the Tower Dental office and schedule an appointment with Dr. Sebourn, DDS.